Functional Groups Assisted Tunable Dielectric Permittivity of Guest-Free Zn-Based Coordination Polymers for Gate Dielectrics

The dielectric properties of coordination polymers has been a topic of recent interest, but the role of different functional groups on the dielectric properties of these polymers has not yet been fully addressed. Herein, the effects of electron-donating (R=NH₂) and electron-withdrawing (R=NO₂) groups on the dielectric behavior of such materials were investigated for two thermally stable and guest-free Zn-based coordination polymers, [Zn(L₁)(L₂)]_n ( 1 ) and [Zn(L₁)(L₃)]_n ( 2 ) [L₁=2-(2-pyridyl) benzimidazole (Pbim), L₂=5-aminoisophthalate (Aip), and L₃=5-nitroisophthalate (Nip)]. The results of dielectric studies of 1 revealed that it possesses a high dielectric constant (κ=65.5 at 1 kHz), while compound 2 displayed an even higher dielectric constant (κ=110.3 at 1 kHz). The electron donating and withdrawing effects of the NH₂ and NO₂ substituents induce changes in the polarity of the polymers, which is due to the inductive effect from the aryl ring for both NO₂ and NH₂. Theoretical results from density functional theory (DFT) calculations, which also support the experimental findings, show that both compounds have a distinct electronic behavior with diverse wide bandgaps. The significance of the current work is to provide information about the structure-dielectric property relationships. So, this study promises to pave the way for further research on the effects of different functional groups on coordination polymers on their dielectric properties.     

Gravitational wave imprint of new symmetry breaking

It is believed that there are more fundamental gauge symmetries beyond those described by the Standard Model of particle physics. The scales of these new gauge symmetries are usually too high to be reachable by particle colliders. Considering that the phase transition (PT) relating to the spontaneous breaking of new gauge symmetries to the electroweak symmetry might be strongly first order, we propose considering the stochastic gravitational waves (GW) arising from this phase transition as an indirect way of detecting these new fundamental gauge symmetries. As an illustration, we explore the possibility of detecting the stochastic GW generated from the PT of \begin{document}$ {\bf{B}}-{\bf{L}}$\end{document} in the space-based interferometer detectors. Our study demonstrates that the GW energy spectrum is reachable by the LISA, Tianqin, Taiji, BBO, and DECIGO experiments only for the case where the spontaneous breaking of \begin{document}$ {\bf{B}}-{\bf{L}}$\end{document} is triggered by at least two electroweak singlet scalars.     

从电子流动观点看催化剂在有机反应中的作用

分析和总结了催化剂催化有机化学反应的4种基本方式,包括建立电子流动通道、改变电子流动属性、加强电子流动能力和稳定电子流动结果。本文旨在揭示有机化学反应中催化剂作用的本质,以便学生更加深刻理解并掌握有机化学反应。     

光催化还原二氧化碳全反应的研究进展

通过光催化将二氧化碳(CO₂)还原为可持续的绿色太阳能燃料是同时解决环境问题和能源危机的极具前景的方案.尽管迄今为止已经进行了广泛的研究,但实现高转化率、高选择性和高稳定性的光催化二氧化碳还原仍有许多障碍.如将水作为电子供体而非牺牲试剂,能够使反应的吉布斯自由能变ΔG>0,这对于真正实现理想化的人工光合作用至关重要,但同时也会为光催化还原CO₂体系带来更多的挑战.我们首先简要介绍了光催化还原CO₂的机理与挑战,而后根据目前光催化还原CO₂在无牺牲剂体系中出现的问题总结了对应的策略以及最新的研究进展,包括能带结构的调整、助催化剂的负载、异质结的构建、 MOFs与COFs材料的设计等方面,最后对目前仍未解决的问题以及未来实现工业化应用的阻碍进行了总结.     

KIT-6负载CeO2催化CO2和甲醇合成碳酸二甲酯

采用不同老化温度(80、100、120和150℃)合成了一系列KIT-6载体,并通过浸渍法制备了相应的CeO_2/KIT-6催化剂。结合X射线衍射、N_2物理吸附、NH_3程序升温脱附、CO_2程序升温脱附、透射电子显微镜、傅里叶变换红外光谱和X射线光电子能谱等表征结果,详细考察了老化温度对KIT-6结构以及CeO_2/KIT-6催化剂直接催化CO_2和甲醇合成碳酸二甲酯(DMC)反应活性的影响。结果表明,不同老化温度下制备的KIT-6均保持其独特的三维孔道结构。随着老化温度升高,KIT-6比表面积先增大后减小,当老化温度为100℃时,KIT-6比表面积达到最大(683 m~2·g~(-1))。KIT-6较高的比表面积有利于提高CeO_2分散度,进而提高暴露的活性位点数量,催化活性随催化剂表面中等碱/酸性吸附位数量和Ce~(3+)含量的增加而逐渐提高。其中,CeO_2/100-KIT-6催化剂中CeO_2颗粒尺寸最小(5.9 nm),暴露的活性位数量最高,催化活性最佳。随后,考察了反应温度和压力对CeO_2/100-KIT-6催化活性的影响。随着反应温度提高,催化活性先升高后降低,当反应温度为140℃时,催化活性最高;且催化活性随反应压力的提高而逐渐增加。在反应温度为140℃、压力为6.8 MPa条件下,催化剂经6次循环后,DMC收率由15 mmol·g_(CeO_2)~(-1)逐渐降低至2.8 mmol·g_(CeO_2)~(-1),原因归结为反应过程中CeO_2纳米颗粒发生团聚,使暴露出的活性位数量减少。     

碳自掺杂石墨相氮化碳纳米片的制备及其在可见光照射下的光解水产氢性能

石墨相氮化碳(g?C3N4)由于具有对可见光吸收范围较窄和光生载流子分离效率低等缺陷,其光解水产氢活性较差。我们采用简单的一步热共聚法,以尿素和2,4,6?三氨基嘧啶(TAPD)混合物为前驱物,制备碳自掺杂纳米片(CNNS?x,x mg代表掺入TAPD的质量)。X射线衍射(XRD)、元素分析(EA)和X射线光电子能谱(XPS)等测试结果表明,来自TAPD的嘧啶环成功引入g?C3N4共轭体系中,使所得的CNNS?x具有较窄的带隙,较快的光生载流子迁移速率,从而提高其对可见光的吸收效率和光生载流子的分离效率。得益于此,CNNS?x在可见光照射下表现出较好的光解水产氢活性。特别是CNNS?30具有最佳光解水性能,其产氢速率可达57.6μmol·h-1,是g?C3N4纳米片(CNNS)的4倍。     

75°前缘后掠角细长三角翼失速特性实验研究

本文简介了前缘后掠角为７５°的平板三角翼在西北工业大学ＮＦ－３低速风洞中的测力和相关的激光片光流动显示实验，给出了部分实验结果，并与文献［１－３］的结果进行了比较，虽然各种来源的结果存在着明显的差异，但ＮＦ－３风洞两种测试手段的实验结果却具有良好的相关性。     

Dinitrosyl Iron Complex [K-18-crown-6-ether][(NO)2Fe(MePyrCO2)]: Intermediate for Capture and Reduction of Carbon Dioxide

Continued efforts are made for the utilization of CO₂ as a C₁ feedstock for regeneration of valuable chemicals and fuels. Mechanistic study of molecular (electro-/photo-)catalysts disclosed that initial step for CO₂ activation involves either nucleophilic insertion or direct reduction of CO₂. In this study, nucleophilic activation of CO₂ by complex [(NO)₂Fe(μ-^MePyr)₂Fe(NO)₂]²⁻ ( 2 , ^MePyr=3-methylpyrazolate) results in the formation of CO₂-captured complex [(NO)₂Fe(^MePyrCO₂)]⁻ ( 2-CO₂ , ^MePyrCO₂=3-methyl-pyrazole-1-carboxylate). Single-crystal structure, spectroscopic, reactivity, and computational study unravels 2-CO₂ as a unique intermediate for reductive transformation of CO₂ promoted by Ca²⁺. Moreover, sequential reaction of 2 with CO₂, Ca(OTf)₂, and KC₈ established a synthetic cycle, 2 → 2-CO₂ → [(NO)₂Fe(μ-^MePyr)₂Fe(NO)₂] ( 1 ) → 2 , for selective conversion of CO₂ into oxalate. Presumably, characterization of the unprecedented intermediate 2-CO₂ may open an avenue for systematic evaluation of the effects of alternative Lewis acids on reduction of CO₂.     

肾上腺素在预阳极化碳糊电极上的电化学行为研究

建立了预阳极化碳糊电极(PACPE)测定肾上腺素(EP)的新方法。实验表明,EP在PACPE上有很好的电化学响应,在pH 7.00的PBS缓冲溶液中,EP的氧化峰电流最大,且与其浓度在2.0×10-7~1.0×10-4mol/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,线性方程为:Ip(μA)=0.4598+0.1544c(μmol/L),相关系数R=0.9981,检出限为2.9×10-8mol/L。方法可用于注射液中EP含量的测定。     

可见光完全分解水光催化剂Bi0.5La0.5VO4的制备和表征

通过高温固相法合成了光催化剂Bi0.5La0.5VO4,用N2吸附-脱附、X射线衍射、扫描电镜和紫外-可见漫反射光谱对催化剂进行了表征,并初步讨论了其能带结构.结果表明,Bi0.5La0.5VO4为BiVO4和LaVO4的固溶体,其禁带宽度约为2.70eV,对应的吸收边为470nm,负载Pt,RuO2和Pt-Cr2O3等后,在紫外光和可见光下均有光催化活性.其中负载Pt-Cr2O3时,其光催化活性最高,可以在紫外光和可见光下完全分解水.在紫外光照射下,生成氢气和氧气的速率分别为28.86和14.34μmol/h.结果还表明,通过形成固溶体来调节价带和导带,是获得可见光响应光催化剂的一种可行的方法.